Literary Analysis The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a...

A narrative is constructed to elicit a particular response from its audience. In the form of a written story, authors use specific narrative strategies to position the ‘ideal reader’ to attain the intended understanding of the meanings in the text. Oliver Sacks’ short story The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is an unusual short story because it does not display conventional plot development; the story does not contain conflict or resolution of conflict. The genre of the story is also difficult to define because it reads as an autobiographical account of an experience Sacks had with a patient while working as a neurologist. Although it is arguable that the narrative is a work of non-fiction, it is nevertheless a representation, distinct†¦show more content†¦The intended meaning of narratives is always constructed, regardless of the closeness of the relationship between the real events and the representation. â€Å"There is no such thing as just a stor y. A story is always charged with meaning; otherwise it is not a story, merely a sequence of events.† (Fulford) The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is based on a real experience Oliver Sacks had while working as a neurologist. Although the narrative is ostensibly an honest retelling of Sacks’ medical encounter with a patient, the narrative is a construction, a representation of the real events, not the actual events themselves. Brian Moon refers to representations as â€Å"†¦versions of reality that different cultures construct and which people work within.† (Moon) It is important to separate the events in reality from the representation of the events that is the short story. Analysing the elements and conventions of The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat makes it more obvious that the story is indeed a construction, that elements have been chosen and omitted to create meaning: â€Å"... texts offer a selection which conforms to certain limited beliefs a nd values.† (Moon) The selections in the text are also organised into a plot. The plot is â€Å"... a set of events structured to achieve an effect.† (Moon) As The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat selects and organises material from Sacks’ perspective, the text is to some degree fictional and positions the reader in relation to the

Symptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia - 1553 Words

Abstract Many people around the world may have Schizophrenia in their genes and won’t even realize it until it’s too late. Stress can trigger the gene and cause the person to become schizophrenic. Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that causes a person to behave, think, and see the world differently from other people. There are many different ways to treat the disorder but there is no cure. When treated properly, many people with schizophrenia are able to enjoy life and function within their families, friends, and loved ones. If you don’t treat this condition, you could possibly harm yourself, harm others or worse, end your life. With the help of doctors, therapist, and loved ones, anything is possible to treat. Schizophrenia The†¦show more content†¦Emile Kraepelin in 1887. Dr. Kraepelin named the disorder â€Å"Dementia Praecox† which is early dementia. Reasons why he named it that way was because he mostly focused on young adults who had dementia. Eugene Bleuler, a Swiss psychiatrist, coined the word schizophrenia in the early 1900’s. He later changed the name as the name Dr. Kraepelin gave the disease was the incorrect term for the disorder. The word schizophrenia is derived from the Greek root words Schizo which means split and phrene which is mind. Bleuler documented schizophrenia’s â€Å"positive† and â€Å"negative† symptoms – terms which we still use today. Kraepelin and Bleuler both subdivided schizophrenia into different categories depending on the symptoms and prognosis. There are five subtypes of schizophrenia. The five types of diagnosis are paranoid type, disorganized type, catatonic type, undifferentiated type, and residual type. Many pe ople before who had this disorder were considered crazy, people who shouldn’t live outside a four wall bedroom from a hospital. Many people with the disorder were having therapy, insulin shock, frontal lobotomy as well as other crude neurosurgical procedures. Most of these treatments caused the patients to die as the procedure induces epilepsy, serious surgical infections as well as severe brain damage. During the Middle Ages and Renaissance Period witchcraft and demonic possession were considered to be the root of emotional

Roman Life In Julias Ceaser Essay Example For Students

Roman Life In Julias Ceaser Essay Julius CaesarIn the play of Julius Caesar, we see a brief picture of Roman life during the time of the First Triumvirate. In this snap shot, we see many unfortunate things. Shakespeare gives us the idea that many people try to circumvent what the future holds, such as unfortunate things, by being superstitious. Superstition seems to play a role in the basic daily life of most Roman citizens. For instance, the setting of the first scene is based upon superstition, the Feast of Lupercal. This feast is in honor of the god Pan, the queen of fertility. During this time, infertile females are supposed to be able to procreate, and fertile ones are supposed to be able to bear more. It is also a supposed time of sexual glorification and happiness. Other scenes depict how throughout Rome, roaming the streets are mysterious sooth-sayers, who are supposedly given the power to predict the future. Dictating what is to come through terse tidbits, these people may also be looked upon as superstitiou s. In the opening scene, one sooth-sayer, old in his years, warns Caesar to Beware the Ides of March, an admonition of Caesars impending death. Although sooth-sayers are looked upon by many as insane out of touch lower classmen, a good deal of them, obviously including the sayer Caesar encountered, are indeed right on the mark. Since they lack any formal office or shop, and they predict forthcomings without fee, one can see quite easily why citizens would distrust their predictions. Superstition, in general elements such as the Feast of Lupercal, as well as on a personal level such as with the sooth-sayers, is an important factor in determining the events and the outcome of Julius Caesar, a significant force throughout the entire course of the play. Before the play fully unravels, we see a few of signs of Caesars tragic end. Aside from the sooth-sayers warning, we also see another sign during Caesars visit with the Augerers, the latter day psychics. They find No heart in the beast, which they interpret as advice to Caesar that he should remain at home. Ceasar brushes it off and thinks of it as a rebuke from the gods, meaning that he is a coward if he does not go out, and so he dismisses the wise advice as hearsay. However, the next morning, his wife Calphurnia wakes up frightened due to a horrible nightmare. She tells Caesar of a battle breaking out in the heart of Rome, Which drizzled blood upon the Capitol, with Caesar painfully dying, such that The heavens themselves blaze forth the death of princes. Although Caesar realizes Calphurnia is truly concerned about his well-being, he seeks another interpretation, coming to the conclusion that the person who imagines the dream may not be the wisest one to interpret its meaning. Lat er Caesar tells his faithful companion Decius about it, and he interprets it quite the contrary, That it was a vision fair and fortunate, and indeed, today is an ideal day to go out, since this is the day To give a crown to mighty Caesar. Perhaps Decius is implying here that today is a day where much appreciation and appraisal will be given to Caesar, surely not the endangerment of his well-being as Calphurnia interprets it. Caesar predictably agrees with him, as most citizens enjoy believing the more positive of two interpretations. After Caesars assasination at the hand of Brutus, Cassius, and the rest of the conspirators, Brutus and Cassius are chased into the country side, where we see a few superstitious signs of their forthcoming painful death in battle. In a dream, Brutus sees Caesars ghost, interpreted as an omen of his defeat. He also looks upon the ensign, and instead of the usual stock of eagles, ravens and kites replace them, construed as another sign of their loss at Phillipi. Not surprisingly, Caesars death is avenged in the end, with the two of the conspirators double suicide. As superstition is inter-twined within the basis of the entire play, we can reasonably conclude that it is because of this irrational belief of why certain events occur and how to avoid them, that Caesar is retired and eventually avenged. In the words of Caesars devoted follower and companion Mark Antony, His life was gentle, and the elements so mixed in him that Nature might stand up and say to the world, This was a man! Sha kespeare Essays

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells free essay sample

In lifes hierarchy, cells make up the lowest level of organization. Cells can perform activities required to sustain life. A cells ability to divide to form new cells is the basis for growth and repair in organisms. Cells also play a key role in the recycling of carbon, a chemical element essential to life, and also participate in cellular processes such as photosynthesis. With these points in mind, it should be noted that cells come in one of two forms: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. By investigating the structural and unctional similarities and differences of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and by exploring the process of endosymbiosos, one can gain further insight into the diversity of cells. One distinct difference between these cells is prokaryotic cells can be classified as either bacteria or archaea while eukaryotic cells make up all other forms of life including plants and animals. This distinction arises from the fact that prokaryotic cells are simple, small, and mostly unicellular whereas eukaryotic cells are more complex, big, and generally multi-cellular. We will write a custom essay sample on Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eukaryotic cells have a embrane enclosed nucleus and many small organelles in its cytoplasm while prokaryotic cells lack membrane enclosed organelles of specialized form and function and a nucleus. Furthermore in a prokaryotic cell, DNA is not separated by a membrane bound nucleus; instead the DNA is concentrated in a region called the nucleoid. Another difference involves the way in which both the cells replicate. Prokaryotic cells reproduce through a process of cellular division known as binary fission. In binary fission one copy of the origin moves rapidly towards the other end f the cell. Once the origins meet on one side of the cell, the plasma membrane grows inward and a new cell wall is deposited. The result is two daughter cells. Eukaryotic cells reproduce through an evolved form of binary fission known as mitosis, in which spindles from outside the nucleus and break down into two separate cells, and meosis. Despite these major differences, both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells have many structural and functional similarities. All cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane, filled with cytoplasm, that functions as a selective barrier. This barrier allows for the passage of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes between the cell and its surroundings. Another similarity is that both types of cells have chromosomes, ribosomes ( tiny organelles that make proteins via instruction from the genes) and protein lipids in their membranes. Both also have DNA strands which hold their genetic information. The evolutionary relationship between the both cells establishes how eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells were created through a process of genetic exchanges between prokaryotes. This process is known as endosymbiosis. Two organelles which have directed this theory are the mitochondria and the plastids. Both of these organelles are found in eukaryotic cells however research has shown that these structures are decedents of independent prokaryotic cells. Since Eukaryotic cells have the ability to engulf other cells, it can be concluded that the prokaryotic ancestors of the mitochondria and plastids gained entry into the eukaryotic cells which in turn formed into packages of vesicles. Thus, Eukaryotic cells were